Several prophecies followed a few months later (Zechariah 1:7 to 6:15). Ninevehs destruction, which came in 612, is referred to as a future event, indicating that Zephaniahs work preceded this date. When Gedaliah is assassinated, the Jews flee to Egypt and force Jeremiah to go with them. These repeated Messianic predictions were designed to lift the eyes of the people from the transitory events of their own time to the coming of Messiah and the establishment of His eternal kingdom, in order to afford them a view of the things of time in the light of eternity. A closer dating is impossible in spite of the statement that his first divine message came to him two years before the earthquake (chapter 1:1), because the date of this event is unknown. Captivity, he said, had confirmed the curse that came because of disobedience (verses 11, 12) and Jerusalem lay desolate (verses 16-19). Practice all cards Practice all cards Practice all cards done loading. Most of them left chronological data by which the duration of their ministry can be determined, at least approximately. Though, on the whole, literal Israel failed to realize her exalted destiny, the chosen race did make a worth-while, though imperfect, contribution to the preparation of the world for the first advent of the Messiah (see on Matthew 2:1). The futurist school ignores both the conditional element pervading predictive prophecy, clearly and emphatically proclaimed by the prophets themselves, and the specific statements of the New Testament that affirm that the privileges and responsibilities of ancient Israel have, in Christ, been transferred to the church. But he will listen also for the further import the prophets words may have for later times, particularly, our time. It ignores the plain statements of the Old Testament that Gods promises to Israel were all conditional. After Jerusalems fall in 586, Nebuchadnezzar allowed Jeremiah to stay with the remnant of his people who were left in the country (chapter 40:1-6). Feebleness and disease were to disappear entirely from Israel as the result of strict adherence to healthful principles (see Exodus 15:26; Deuteronomy 7:13, 15; etc.). Unfortunately, Nehemiahs second term as governor cannot be dated, which fact makes it also somewhat difficult to date Malachi. Obadiahs prophecy, directed against Edom, presupposes that a looting of Jerusalem and a carrying away of many Jews into captivity had recently taken place. Archaeologists Are Finding the Signatures of In Jeremiah, we see evidence of God elevating humble men like Jeremiah to become leaders precisely when they are needed. 3. Since only these two kings are mentioned, Amos seems to have prophesied during the time when both kings were sole rulers in their respective kingdoms. The fundamental principle by which we can tell unerringly when any particular promise or prediction of the Old Testament made originally to literal Israel is to meet its fulfillment with respect to spiritual Israel iswhen a later inspired writer makes such an application of it. It ran from the last year Judah's King Uzziah ruled (740 B.C. He dies while in Egypt. Solomon made his great mistake when he failed to realize the secret of Israels prosperity, and with a few noteworthy exceptions, leaders and people sank lower and lower from generation to generation until apostasy was complete (Isaiah 3:12; 9:16; Jeremiah 5:1-5; 8:10; Ezekiel 22:23-31; Micah 3). WebIsaiah 65:12 I will destine you for the sword, and you will all kneel down to be slaughtered, because I called and you did not answer, I spoke and you did not listen; you did evil in My sight and chose that in which I did not delight." The vision of Isaiah the son of Amoz, which he saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah. According to this view, Jeremiah said, in effect, that Jerusalem would be deserted for about 70 years, about the length of a persons life. Prophecies that Inspiration clearly applies to our day were designed of God to inspire us with patience, comfort, and the hope that all things foretold by these holy men of old will soon meet their final and complete fulfillment. The kings of Assyria, Babylonia, and Persia, whose dates for this period are well established, are shown in a separate column. Peter concurs, saying, Of a truth I perceive that God is no respecter of persons, for in every nation he that feareth him, and worketh righteousness, is accepted with him (Acts 10:34, 35; cf. WebIn Judea: prophecy of Zephaniah, Jeremiah, Obadiah, and Habakkuk In Babylon: prophecy of Ezekiel. They were to be far in advance of other nations in wisdom and understanding. For example, the judgment that came upon Sodom and Gomorrah, literal cities of the ancient past, is used by Bible writers as descriptive of the judgment God will eventually bring upon all the world. At Mt. Prophecies that fall into the latter classification are to be fulfilled in principle but not necessarily in every detail, owing to the fact that many details of prophecy were concerned with Israel as a literal nation situated in the land of Palestine. Hence, he seems to have labored at a time before Assyria played a role in Palestinian affairs. The prophets thus provided a firm foundation for the faith of the apostolic church and made a direct and vital contribution to the Christian faith. WebJeremiah is allowed to remain in Jerusalem. As the nations of antiquity should behold Israels unprecedented progress, their attention and interest would be aroused. If Jeremiah had been writing a novel, he would have been the hero of his own story. Returning to their homelands, the Gentile ambassadors would counsel their fellow countrymen, Let us go speedily to pray before the Lord, and to seek the Lord (Zechariah 8:21, 22; cf. WebIsaiah's time, Babylonian exile, and return to exile 21 Q Where did Jeremiah live when he was called to be a prophet? It should be remembered that God does not force the human will, and that Israels cooperation was essential to the success of His plan for the nation. Salvation was to be of the Jews, in that the Messiah would be a Jew (John 4:22), and by the Jews, as messengers of salvation to all men (Genesis 12:2, 3; 22:18; Isaiah 42:1, 6; 43:10; Galatians 3:8, 16, 18). Amos presents himself to his readers as a herdsman and a gatherer of sycomore fruit (chapters 1:1; 7:14). 3:5). However, these messages pertaining to the then-distant future were intended, not only to inspire patience, comfort, and hope in the day they were first given, but also to provide men of Christs day with confirming evidence of His Messiahship. With Him there is no variableness, neither shadow of turning (James 1:17). King James Bible At the same time spake the LORD by Isaiah the son of Amoz, saying, Go and loose the sackcloth from off thy loins, and put off thy shoe from thy foot. The importance of their books cannot be overestimated, as many of these prophecies are yet to be fulfilled. Jeremiah's Seventy Years Jeremiah Spiritual Israel includes both Jews and Gentiles (verse 24). For some time he held a high position in Nebuchadnezzars government (chapter 2:48), and became a trusted counselor of the great king. The Bible contains more information about his life and times than any other prophet. If these rules are consistently followed the resulting interpretation can be accepted with confidence. the ideal selection is option C. Learn more about the Book of Micah here: Nehemiah 13:23-27). This page and its content is copyright 2012. The short book of Obadiah, consisting of only 21 verses, is not dated and its chronological setting is uncertain. A study of the Old Testament prophets that consists primarily of lifting selected passages here and there out of their historical context and arbitrarily applying them to our dayas if the prophet spoke exclusively for our benefitis fraught with grave danger. In Gods Economy toward His Chosen People 1. In the endeavor to account for this seeming enigma, Bible expositors have set forth various explanations: 1. WebIn Isaiah, we read about God's unbroken relationship with His people both the promise and its fulfillment in an ongoing pattern that's visible throughout history. Living in a crisis period of his nation, Jeremiah was called to proclaim many messages of reproof and solemn predictions of doom over his people for their disobedience. However, all his messages were addressed to the northern nation. The fickle, human will is the weak, unstable factor in conditional prophecy. If the nation had been faithful to its trust and had appreciated the high destiny reserved for it by God, the whole earth would have awaited the coming of the Messiah with eager expectancy. From generation to generation these holy men of God (2 Peter 1:21) called Israel to repentance and righteousness and kept alive the Messianic hope. In Israel, there was sometimes more than one prophet, and sometimes there were many prophets. Enigmatic is his statement that this 5th year of captivity was also the thirtieth year. It is believed that the prophet refers either to his own age or to that year as the 30th year reckoned from the reform which took place during the 18th year of Josiah. God may reject one nation or group of people in favor of another if those first summoned persistently refuse to cooperate with Him (see Jeremiah 18:6-10; cf. These observations seem to place Zephaniah in the early years of Josiahs reign, perhaps about 630 B.C., as a contemporary of Habakkuk. All who turned from idolatry to the worship of the true God, were to unite themselves with His chosen people. Ezekiel 38:16, 18-23; 39:1-7). What archaeological evidence implies Isaiah was a unified book? Ezekiel blames the people for ritual misbehavior. He would renew His covenant with them (Jeremiah 31:10-38; Ezekiel 36:21-38; Zechariah 1:12, 17; 2:12), including its accompanying blessings (Jeremiah 33:3, 6-26; Ezekiel 36:8-15). The gates of Jerusalem would be open continually to receive the wealth contributed to Israel for the conversion of still other nations and peoples (Isaiah 60:1-11, RSV; Psalms 72:10; Isaiah 45:14; Haggai 2:7, RSV). For these reasons the 7th-century date for Joel has been adopted in this commentary, although there is no conclusive proof that this choice is correct. To their own question, What nation is there so great, who hath God so nigh unto them? the Gentiles would answer, Surely this great nation is a wise and understanding people (Deuteronomy 4:7, 6). One royal visitor to Jerusalem exclaimed, The half was not told me! (1 Kings 10:1-9). Any nation and kingdom that would not serve Israel was to perish chapter (60:12). 1-39 40-55 56-66. Jerusalem would have become a great missionary center, and the earth would have been set ablaze with the light of truth in one grand, final appeal to those who had not as yet accepted the invitation of divine mercy. Jeremiah This concept of the role of Israel is reiterated again and again throughout the Old Testament. You may not distribute or commercially use the content on any other website or other form of electronic retrieval system. It was their unwillingness to submit to the restrictions and requirements of God that prevented them, to a great extent, from reaching the high standard which He desired them to attain, and from receiving the blessings which He was ready to bestow upon them. [1] The prophet received his call while still a young man, during the thirteenth year of King Josiahs reign, about 627 or 626 B.C. Desiring the same blessings for themselves, they would make inquiry as to how they too might acquire these obvious material advantages. Superior craftsmanship. Nehemiah 12:12, 16). 740-700 B.C. Prophecies of the Restoration (Ezekiel 2548) It is impossible to date the devastating plague of locusts that the prophet so vividly describes and compares with the terrors of the coming day of judgment. He states that he ministered under King Josiah (chapter 1:1), who reigned from 640 to 609 B.C. Prophets: Isaiah Jeremiah Ezekiel On the other hand, the destruction of Nineveh is described as an event still future (chapter 3:7). All three of these guys have overwhelming experience where they are called to be prophets. Paul emphasizes the fact that the rejection of literal Israel as Gods chosen instrument for the salvation of the world does not mean that individual Jews can no longer be saved (chapters 9:6; 11:1, 2, 11, 15), for he is a Jew himself (chapters 9:3; 10:1; 11:1, 2). Jeremiah 10 This would make Isaiah first cousin to King Uzziah and grandson to Any interpretation that fails to give these matters due consideration does violence to the Scriptures. Baruch, son of Neriah. Isaiah Jeremiah, Lamentations did Isaiah primarily live? The only period in which the mission of Jonah to Nineveh, with its results, seems to fit is the reign of Adad-nirari III (810782). Sinai God entered into covenant relation with Israel as a nation (Exodus 19:1-8; 24:3-8; Deuteronomy 7:6-14) upon the same basic conditions and with the same ultimate objectives as the Abrahamic covenant. (This rule does not apply to those portions of the book of Daniel that the prophet was bidden to shut up and seal, or to other passages whose application Inspiration may have limited exclusively to our own time.). Jeremiahs prayer occurs in a context and we would be remiss to consider the prayer apart from that context, which is, Jeremiahs obedience to some very difficult commands from God. Galatians 3:27-29; see on Deuteronomy 18:15). 4:3 with Amos 8:8; Hosea 4:15 with Amos 5:5; and Hosea 8:14 with Amos 2:5). Eventually, all the nations would call Jerusalem the throne of the Lord and be gathered unto it, not to walk any more after the imagination of their evil heart (Jeremiah 3:17). In their meticulous attention to the letter of the law they lost sight of its spirit. Psalms 68:31. Those who think that chapter 52 was added as an inspired postscript by Jeremiahs secretary or one of his disciples, believe that he died some 20 years earlier, about 580 B.C. It is thought, furthermore, that his ministry fell in the years when the high priest Jehoiada acted as regent for the child king Joash (2 Kings 11:17 to 12:2), which fact would explain why the king is not mentioned anywhere in the book, while at the same time the Temple service flourished. This prophecy must have been pronounced either before Jeroboam came to the throne (approximately 793 B.C.) Many messages and prophecies can be understood correctly only if seen against the background of the time in which the prophets ministered and in the light of the events that happened during their lives. WebThis tables shows the reigns of each of the Kings of Judah and Israel, together with the dates and lengths of the reigns, and the prophets who were active at that time. Ambassadors from one foreign country after another would come to discover, if they might, the great secret of Israels success as a nation, and its leaders would have the opportunity of directing the minds of their visitors to the Source of all good things. The prophet Daniel later prayed for more understanding about Jeremiahs time prophecy. Gedaliah is made governor over the small group of Jews that remain in Jerusalem. WebBefore we begin our review of the parts of Jeremiahs early ministry, let us first set out the usual and customary picture of it. The voice of God through the prophets distinctly speaks to us today. Yet in mercy, God still bore with His people, and in due time Messiah came (Malachi 3:1-3). The glorious era of David and Solomon marked what might have been the beginning of Israels golden age). Had Jerusalem known what it was her privilege to know, and heeded the light that Heaven sent her, she would have stood forth in magnificent prosperity, the queen of kingdoms, the mighty metropolis of the earth, and would, like a noble vine, have filled the face of the world with fruit (Isaiah 27:6). There are 12 minor prophets: the last 12 books in the Old Testament. Nothing is known of the prophet Joel beyond the fact that he was the son of Pethuel (chapter 1:1). It is certain, however, that he lived and labored in the southern kingdom, and that his main prophecy dealt with Assyria in general and Nineveh in particular. Jeremiah A date, possibly about 630 B.C., but before the Chaldeans had become a power of some importance, would seem most appropriate for the period of Habakkuks prophetic activity. It is true, he says, that national Israel stumbled at the stumblingstone, Jesus Christ (Romans 9:32, 33; 11:11; cf. All this leads to the conclusion that Micah prophesied from about 740 to about 700 B.C. Its messages show that it was written after the time of the kingdom of Judah, when a governor ruled over the country (chapter 1:8), a fact that points to the Persian period. Webdid isaiah and jeremiah live at the same time grantchester sidney and violet Posted by on May 21st, 2021 The Book Of Isaiah - The Man, The Times, And The Book Isaiah was God 's prophet and the author of the Bible book that bears his name. All nations of earth were to share in the blessings so generously bestowed upon Israel. With the call of Abraham, God set in operation a definite plan for bringing the Messiah into the world and for presenting the gospel invitation to all men (Genesis 12:1-3). In the inspired utterances of the prophets of old the sincere seeker for truth will thus find messages of inspiration, comfort, and guidance for today. They would send messengers to Israel with the declaration, We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you (Zechariah 8:23). Numbers 14:26-34. Nahum is called the Elkoshite (chapter 1:1), but Elkosh is unknown as a place name, although commentators have tried to identify it with Elkesi in northern Galilee, Alkush near Mosul, and a town near Eleutheropolis in Judah. But it is only against the background of the original historical context of the message that its meaning and value for us can be established with certainty. By Which king? John 4:23, 24; 2 Tim. It is important to note that all the Old Testament promises looking forward to a time of restoration for the Jews were given in anticipation of their return from captivity (see Isaiah 10:24-34; 14:1-7; 27:12, 13; 40:2; 61:4-10; Jeremiah 16:14-16; 23:3-8; 25:11; 29:10-13; 30:3-12; 32:7-27, 37-44; Ezekiel 34:11-15; 37; Amos 9:10-15; Micah 2:12, 13; etc.). Furthermore, the fact that the people of Tyre and Sidon do not appear as hostile nations of Judah until the last decades of its history, while they are mentioned by Joel as Judahs enemies, seems also to point to a late date for the prophets ministry. Dead sea scrolls. To this can be added the mention of Greeks (chapter 3:6), who hardly played a role in Near Eastern history earlier than the 7th century. Though the prophet looked at events about him, he also could see far beyond his own day. By divine appointment the sacred writings were preserved, century after century, and Israel became their custodian (Amos 3:7; Romans 3:1, 2). Here Paul affirms that the rejection of the Jews did not mean that the promises of God had taken none effect (Romans 9:6), and explains immediately that they are to become effective through spiritual Israel. Between the return from Babylon and the rejection of the Messiah, Israel was to have its second and final opportunity as a nation to cooperate with the divine plan (see Jeremiah 12:14-17). As the people cooperated with the directions God gave them in regard to the culture of the soil, the land would gradually be restored to Edenic fertility and beauty (Isaiah 51:3). Nothing is impossible with God. God provided Israel with every facility for becoming the greatest nation on the earth. All rights reserved. Isaiah was the great forerunner of the writers. The church in this generation has been endowed by God with great privileges and blessings, and He expects corresponding returns. The promises and threatenings of God are alike conditional. He played an important role during two momentous periods: (1) under Ahaz, during the war between Syria and Israel (chapters 7-11), and (2) under Hezekiah, during a siege of Jerusalem by Sennacherib chapters 36; 37). This Upper Egyptian capital city, better known by its Greek name Thebes, was destroyed by King Ashurbanipal in 663 B.C., a date that provides the upper time limit of Nahums prophecy. The late date is taken here, without prejudice toward an early one. A Nebuchadnezzar 59 Q Isaiah was a prophet for the kingdom of Judah, ca. However, there is also no reference made to Persia, which would be expected if the book was of so late a date. What archaeological evidence implies Isaiah was a unified book? The earth would thus be rid of those who opposed God (Zechariah 14:12, 13). The consecutive order of the book of Haggai would indicate that his whole recorded ministry lasted not longer than 31/2 months, beginning (chapter 1:1) on August 29, 520 B.C., and extending, in his last two recorded speeches (chapter 2:10, 20), to December 18, 520.

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